From an MIT site. Its all important but some is bold for emphasis.
1.2 What Is Calculus and Why do we Study it?
Calculus is the study of how things change. It provides a framework for modeling systems in which there is change, and a way to deduce the predictions of such models.
I have been around for a while, and know how things change, more or less. What can calculus add to that?
I am sure you know lots about how things change. And you have a qualitative notion of calculus. For example the concept of speed of motion is a notion straight from calculus, though it surely existed long before calculus did and you know lots about it.
So what does calculus add for me?
It provides a way for us to construct relatively simple quantitative models of change, and to deduce their consequences.
To what end?
With this you get the ability to find the effects of changing conditions on the system being investigated. By studying these, you can learn how to control the system to do make it do what you want it to do. Calculus, by giving engineers and you the ability to model and control systems gives them (and potentially you) extraordinary power over the material world.
The development of calculus and its applications to physics and engineering is probably the most significant factor in the development of modern science beyond where it was in the days of Archimedes. And this was responsible for the industrial revolution and everything that has followed from it including almost all the major advances of the last few centuries.
Are you trying to claim that I will know enough about calculus to model systems and deduce enough to control them?
If you had asked me this question ten years ago I would have said no. Now it is within the realm of possibility, for some non-trivial systems, with your use of your laptop or desk computer.
OK, but how does calculus models change? What is calculus like?
The fundamental idea of calculus is to study change by studying "instantaneous" change, by which we mean changes over tiny intervals of time.
It appears none of these principles are followed by the academe of economics.
For instance, so how is the idea of creating a variable T, which is in itself an ex post accounting result as it is "taxes net of xfers" in consonance with the fundamental idea of calculus which is to study INSTANTANEOUS change?