Showing posts with label proxy war. Show all posts
Showing posts with label proxy war. Show all posts

Monday, December 19, 2016

Assad Abu Khalil — Just as they cover up for Syrian rebels, Western media are covering up the statement by Turkish gunman


The propaganda war to control the narrative in the Western media continues.
All Western media that I looked are for some obvious reasons conveniently deleting the rest of the statement by the gunman in which he says: "We have pledged Jihad for Muhammad". Why is that not mentioned here: "“Allah Akbar! Do not forget Aleppo!” said the gunman, according to the widely circulated video. “Do not forget Syria! Do not forget Aleppo! Do not forget Syria! As long as our lands are not safe, you will not be safe!" In fact, the Jihad vow is the headline for all the stories about the assassinations in the accounts of Syrian rebels and their supporters (in Arabic only of course) and even in the Huffington Post--the Jihadi Qatari Arabic version.
Chance omission in the Wester media that can be spun as anti-Assad instead of jihadist? Not likely.

Angry Arab News Service
Just as they cover up for Syrian rebels, Western media are covering up the statement by Turkish gunman
Assad Abu Khalil | Professor of Political Science, California State University, Stanislaus

Also

"'Don't forget Aleppo' - Russian ambassador's killer". They almost are implying that he was noble in his deed. Can you imagine such headlines for the killers of US ambassador in Libya? CNN had the exact same headline, as did other Western sites and papers.
Look how ALL Western media are romanticizing the Turkish gunman and ignoring his Jihad message

Friday, December 9, 2016

Patrick Henningsen — New Obama Executive Order Opens Door for Unlimited Arms to Islamist Terrorists in Syria


Obama loses it, does stupid shit.
On Tuesday, President Barack Obama issued a White House memorandum (see full text below) to both the US State and Defense departments which waives any arms export control restrictions on providing ‘military assistance’ to any and all ‘foreign forces’ in Syria, according to a White House press release issued today. Presumably, this includes not only guns and ammuniation, but also lethal TOW Missiles and RPGs (and anti-aircraft units?) for tens of thousands of extremist foreign fighters and salafi terrorists currently operating inside Syria, as well as thousands of US-trained and equipped fighters waiting in camp in both Turkey and Jordan.
This desperate move by Obama can only mean two things. Firstly, it demonstrates that the US and its allies are doggedly determined to prolong one the bloodiest and dirtiest wars in recent history. Secondly, it signals a last-ditch act of desperation on the part of a President who will be viewed as a perennial loser in a failed proxy war that lasted over 5 years, costing tens of billions of dollars and hundreds of thousands of lives.
21st Century Wire
BREAKING: New Obama Executive Order Opens Door for Unlimited Arms to Islamist Terrorists in Syria
Patrick Henningsen

Thursday, December 8, 2016

Vijay Prashad — The Battle for Aleppo is Over


Short interview that covers a lot of ground. Video and transcript.

Real New Network
Vijay Prashad: The Battle for Aleppo is Over
Sharmini Peries interviews Vijay Prashad, George and Martha Kellner Chair in South Asian History and Professor of International Studies at Trinity College

Saturday, October 29, 2016

Robert Parry — The De Facto US/Al Qaeda Alliance

Buried deep inside Saturday’s New York Times was a grudging acknowledgement that the U.S.-armed “moderate” rebels in Syria are using their U.S. firepower to back an Al Qaeda offensive, reports Robert Parry.
Consortium News
The De Facto US/Al Qaeda Alliance
Robert Parry

Sunday, October 23, 2016

Moon of Alabama — Renewed Jihadi Attack On Aleppo Supported By "Western" Propaganda Fakes


More news from the snake pit.

Erdogan claims Aleppo and Mosul for Turkey under revanchism.
We have maintained here for some time that the Turkish President Erdogan has designs for Aleppo as well as Mosul. He wants to incorporate both cities and all areas north of them into Turkey. Erdogan now publicly announced these aims:
Speaking during an opening ceremony for an educational institution in Bursa on Saturday, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan compared the way that Syrians and Iraqis have been driven away from homes because of the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS; ISIS/ISIL), to how Turkish people were once forced out from the same cities.
Erdogan added that the cities of Mosul and Aleppo belong to the Turkish people.
This is a serious misinterpretation of teh areas population history and of Turkey's international agreements and borders as delineated after the first world war.
Erdogan also lamented that Turkeys national leaders were born outside of Turkey's current borders. Something he implied he will strive to correct. The Greek will not be happy to hear that. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey, was born in Thessaloniki…
Much more in the post, but this is the game-changer. Neo-Ottomanism openly declared.

Moon of Alabama
Renewed Jihadi Attack On Aleppo Supported By "Western" Propaganda Fakes

Tuesday, October 18, 2016

Moon of Alabama — ISIS Moves To Syria Where Erdogan Still Aims For Aleppo

The attack on Mosul proceeds on three axes. From the north Kurdish Peshmerga under U.S. special force advisors lead the fighting. Iraqi forces attack from the east and south. The way to the west, towards Syria, is open. The intend of the U.S. is to let ISIS fighters, several thousand of them, flee to Deir Ezzor and Raqqa in Syria. They are needed there to further destroy the Syrian state.
We pointed out here that this move will create the "Salafist principality" the U.S. and its allies have striven to install in east-Syria since 2012. The "mistake" of the U.S. bombing of Syrian army positions in Deir Ezzor was in support of that plan. Other commentators finally catch up with that conclusion.
The Turks are openly talking about such an escape plan for ISIS in Mosul.…
The only U.S. "hope" for its Syria plans is now the facilitation of another ISIS influx. That and the CIA coordinated actions of its allies. The Saudis Foreign Minister announced that his country will increase weapons flow to its al-Qaeda proxies in Syria. The "rebels" are still receiving TOW anti-tank missiles and other heavy weapons.…
In east-Syria the Russian and Syrian air-forces, Hizbullah and more Shia militia from Iraq are now preparing surprises for the expected ISIS influx from Mosul. How much can they risk when the U.S. provides further air-support for the ISIS move?
The proxy war continues with the US, UK and allies using ISIS and Al Qaeda as proxies. Because "Asad must go."

Meanwhile, the American  public is distracted with pussy and booty, and the US media touts the propaganda line. The New York Times and Washington Post descend to the level of the National Enquirer.

Moon of Alabama
ISIS Moves To Syria Where Erdogan Still Aims For Aleppo

Tuesday, September 20, 2016

Moon of Alabama — Deir Ezzor Attack Enables The "Salafist Principality" As Foreseen In The 2012 DIA Analysis


Moon of Alabama outs US policy as aiming at creating a Salafist (Sunni fundamentalist) principality in Syria. The US plan is to use jihad to effect regime change in Syria. Why is the US so focused on regime change in Syria. There are basically three factors involved: 1) reduce or eliminate Iranian and Russian influence in oil and gas country, 2) Israel, and 3) secure energy resources and pipeline routes. "Assad" is a code word for the obstacles that stand in the way of this. The US willing to ally with Al Qaeda and use ISIS as a proxy to accomplish this.
At first glance this U.S. policy seems to be shortsighted, There is no way the envisioned "Sunni entity" would ever become stable. Instead it would continue to be a source of terrorism which would hit far beyond the borders of Syria and the surrounding states. But it is exactly the instability of this construct that will allow for further U.S. presence in the area. A source of insecurity that can be activated, or shut down, whenever convenient.
Moon of Alabama
Deir Ezzor Attack Enables The "Salafist Principality" As Foreseen In The 2012 DIA Analysis

Saturday, August 20, 2016

Bill Van Auken — “Human rights” propaganda campaign paves way for military escalation in Syria

Photographs and video of five-year-old Omran Daqneesh have rapidly become ubiquitous in the media in the US and Western Europe after being distributed by a group aligned with the CIA-backed Islamist “rebels” in Syria.

CNN proclaimed the child “the face of Syria’s civil war,” while the anchor-woman theatrically burst into tears recounting his story. The New York Times called him “a symbol of Aleppo’s suffering,” while USA Today published a short editor’s note reading, “This Syrian boy is Omran. Will you pay attention now?”
More direct in its approach was the British daily Telegraph, which headlined an article: “For the sake of Aleppo’s children, we must try again to impose a no-fly zone in Syria.”…
What we are witnessing is a carefully orchestrated war propaganda campaign, designed to appeal to the humanitarian sentiments of the population in order to corral it behind a new escalation of imperialist violence in the Middle East. Whether the incident with Omran was itself staged by the “rebels” and their CIA handlers, or Washington and the corporate media are cynically exploiting the real suffering of an innocent child, is an open question.
What is indisputable is that the feigned concern over this one child is being foisted upon the public with very definite and undeclared political and geo-strategic motives that have nothing to do with protecting the lives of innocent children. They have died by the hundreds of thousands over the last quarter century of US-led invasions, bombings and proxy wars throughout the region.
The image of Omran was chosen because it comes from the eastern sector of Aleppo, where roughly one-sixth of the northern Syrian city’s population lives under the domination of US-backed Islamist militias. The most important of these is the Fateh al-Sham Front, which, until last month, called itself the al-Nusra Front and was Al Qaeda’s designated affiliate in Syria.…
The driving forces underlying the renewed propaganda campaign are two-fold. In the first and most immediate instance, the “rebel” offensive—armed and funded by the US and its regional allies—to break the government siege of eastern Aleppo and intensify the war against the civilian population in the west of the city has stalled, and the Syrian army, backed by Russian air power, is again making significant gains on the ground. Hence the renewed demands for an immediate ceasefire.
More far-reaching in its implications is the development of closer collaboration between Russia, Iran, China and Turkey in relation to the five-year-old war for regime-change in Syria. Iran has over the past week allowed Russia to use Iranian bases to attack Syrian targets, while Beijing has announced an increase in military aid to Damascus. Meanwhile, in the wake of last month’s abortive US-backed military coup, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan has sought a rapprochement with both Moscow and Tehran. 
Washington views this potential alliance with increasing disquiet, seeing it as an impediment to its military drive to assert US hegemony over the Middle East and its vast energy reserves. It cannot accept such a challenge and will, inevitably, prepare a military response. It is to this end that the “humanitarian” propaganda campaign to “save the children” of Syria—and rescue Washington’s Al Qaeda-linked proxies in the bargain—has been mounted.…
Prepping for a wider war in Syria, which I had opined as possible in the home stretch of the campaign as a parting gift to Killary from Nobel Laureate for Peace Prize recipient Barack Obama. This is neoconservativism and neoliberalism at its worst.

Oh, and this tidbit.
The methods employed in this campaign are well-worn to say the least. Twenty-five years ago, the first Gulf War against Iraq was prepared with a chilling tale, told to the US Congress, of invading Iraqi troops stealing incubators from Kuwaiti hospitals and leaving babies to die. The supposed eyewitness to this atrocity, a woman identified as a nurse, was subsequently exposed as the daughter of the Kuwaiti ambassador and a member of the emirate’s royal family. The entire story was a propaganda hoax.…
Defend Democracy
“Human rights” propaganda campaign paves way for military escalation in Syria
Bill Van Auken

Saturday, October 10, 2015

Links on Syria


Looking like WWIII is getting closer with the US sending ships to challenge China's territorial claims, NATO building up Europe and continuing to try to destabilize Russia, and the apparent commitment to confront Russia by proxy in Syria.

No offsetting good news here. US hawks seem to be in charge of US policy.


Phil Butler

US and NATO Launch Disinformation Terror War
Jim Dean

Also;

The US propaganda is fierce. Russia is not aiding ISIS!
Business Insider claims that ISIS is advancing towards Aleppo, thanks in part to Russian air strikes targeting ISIS.
Russia Insider
Desperate Western Media: Russia Is Helping ISIS!


Wednesday, September 2, 2015

Fort Russ Team — Are Russians Fighting in Syria?

Are Russians Fighting in Syria? This can mean three things - the Russian government sending soldiers, individual volunteers and experts who 'only' happen to be Russian, or something in between.
Both Flores and 'the Saker' explained that the Russian government was likely not sending soldiers.
Hours after their Sept 1 statements, RT released an official statement confirming that this was Russia's official position.
Same as Ukraine. Russia is countering the US/NATO advance. In a very real sense, Russia and NATO are already at war as the "proxy" war becomes less veiled.

Fort Russ
Are Russians Fighting in Syria?
Fort Russ Team

Tuesday, September 1, 2015

Alexrpt — Putin calls the US ISIS bluff. Moves Russian forces into Syria to also help fight the fake caliphate?


Wait for the New York Times headline, "Putin invades Syria".

Red Pill Times
Putin calls the US ISIS bluff. Moves Russian forces into Syria to also help fight the fake caliphate?
Alexrpt

Also

The Saker says, not so fast.
So the rumor about a Russian intervention is at least credible. And yet, I don’t buy it.
I will gladly admit that I cannot prove a negative and that I have absolutely no privileged access to any special Russian sources. All I can offer are my conjectures and nothing more, and there is a good chance that I might be wrong. But having said that, here is my personal reaction to this rumor.
The Vineyard of the Saker
A Russian military intervention in Syria? I very much doubt it
The Saker

Red Pill Times
Merkel trying to deal with migrant crisis, “This is not a natural catastrophe.” It is however a NATOural catastrophe

Monday, August 17, 2015

Gordon Duff — US, Turkey Ignore Russian Warning, Move into Syria

… there can be little doubt that the West has decided that Syria, rather than Ukraine, is where they wish to confront Russia.…
The US has assumed that, with continual moves against Donbas, they can brutalize Russia’s ally, Syria without repercussions. This is what is really behind the US move. 
New Eastern Outlook
US, Turkey Ignore Russian Warning, Move into Syria
Gordon Duff, a senior editor and chairman of the board of Veterans Today and US Marine combat veteran of the Vietnam War that has worked on veterans and POW issues for decades and consulted with governments challenged by security issues

See also
Red Pill Times'
Turkey’s Erdogan is bombing Kurds in an effort to regain majority control of parliament and solidify his power
Alexrpt

Thursday, August 13, 2015

Alexrpt — US gets the war it has always wanted…begins bombing Assad forces

This latest US war is so simple. Remove Assad in order to remove Russia’s gas supplies to Europe. Once Assad is gone the US can put its very own, home grown dictator to oversee the construction of a Qatar gas pipeline to Europe.
Red Pill Times
US gets the war it has always wanted…begins bombing Assad forces
Alexrpt

Thursday, March 26, 2015

Tony Cartalucci — US-Saudi Blitz in Yemen: Naked Aggression, Absolute Desperation


Proxy war with Iran in Yemen.

"You can't tell the players without a scorecard." It's getting more and more complicated.

New Eastern Outlook
US-Saudi Blitz in Yemen: Naked Aggression, Absolute Desperation
Tony Cartalucci

Sunday, March 15, 2015

Andrew Korybko — The US Is Juggling Chaos And Coordination In Order To Contain China


What to expect geopolitically and geostrategically over the next decade and longer. US policy is permanent global hegemony by preempting any rival.

How the US uses internal and peripheral destabilization instead of military force. Recall the US supporting the Afghan "freedom fighters" against the Russian occupation, that later morphed into Al Qaeda, radical Islamism, and ISIS.

Zbigniew Brzezinski's career began in the Carter administration. He is a Democrat. Hilary Clinton as secretary of state was fully involved in this strategy as was Bill Clinton in Serbia-Bosnia. There is no perceptible difference between the two parties on US foreign policy other than the GOP is more prone to involving the US directly in military action. But the outcome is the same.

The Reverse Brzezinski: The Ultimate Eurasian Dilemma (II)

Extremely good strategic analysis of US foreign policy based on implementing Brzezinski's grand strategy.
Bringing everything full circle, Brzezinski has gone back to his basics of luring America’s adversaries into strategic entanglements from which they cannot retreat. His history of instigating the Soviet-Afghan War by having the CIA train and arm the Mujahideen before the Soviet intervention must never be forgotten. The concept of the Eurasian Balkans has largely overshadowed this chapter of Brzezinski’s past, but it does not mean that it is no less important for America’s contemporary strategic doctrine. As the US’ unipolar moment approaches dusk, the dawn of the multipolar era is around the corner. This necessitates a fundamental shift in the US’ previous pattern of offensive advancement into Eurasia, hence the revival of the Lead From Behind strategy.

See also:

Global Research
Going Rogue: America’s Unconventional Warfare in the Middle East
Sharmine Narwani

Friday, February 13, 2015

Sputnik — Slovak PM Calls East Ukraine Crisis Battle Between Global Powers

Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico said called the Ukrainian crisis a battle between the great powers and the only solution is to establish a balance of power in the world.
Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico believes the crisis in eastern Ukraine is nothing less than a battle of great powers, with a global power parity the only solution, according to the Slovak TASR news agency.

"There are no values. This is a clear battle between the great powers and the only solution is to establish a balance of power in the world," Fico addressed the country's parliament, the National Council, ahead of Thursday's informal EU summit in Brussels.
 
The prime minister emphasized that apart from maintaining a single line with the European union, the Slovak delegation will protect its national interests as well.
Sputnik
Slovak PM Calls East Ukraine Crisis Battle Between Global Powers

Tuesday, February 10, 2015

Zero Hedge — How Russia Plans To Retaliate For The Saudi-Driven Collapse In Oil


How to play oil in light of geopolitics.

As Greek Kathimerini reported, "Greece's Foreign Minister Nikolaos Kotzias is to visit Moscow on Wednesday to hold talks with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov, Russia's Interfax and TASS news agencies reported on Monday citing a source in the Russian Foreign Ministry." 
In other words, at precisely the same time as the FinMin is in Brussels discussing the fate, or lack thereof, of Greece in the Eurozone, the new Greek foreign minister will be in the Kremlin, getting instant updates from Brussels and perhaps discussing the fate of Greece in the Eurasian Economic Union. 
Which means that as soon as tomorrow night, if the Eurozone is indeed intent on kicking Greece out as some have suggested, we may know if not Russia but Europe is who suddenly becomes more "isolated", as one of its current member flips allegiance to the man most hated by the entire "developed" world.

Sunday, February 8, 2015

Michael Korman — How to Start a Proxy War with Russia

Arming the Ukrainian government would be a bad idea, no matter what the next defense secretary says.… 
The release of a report this week calling for a vast expansion of U.S. military aid to Ukraine, titled “Preserving Ukraine’s Independence, Resisting Russian Aggression,” helped reignite the debate in Washington, D.C. on the provision of lethal weapons and a reassessment of the U.S. role in the conflict.… 
Creating a sustainable professional force in Ukraine is a long-term effort the West must undertake as part of an overall strategy for the country, and perhaps under the framework of a strategic partnership that should emerge from thought and deliberation. Sending weapons in and of itself is not a strategy, either for Ukraine, or for settling the conflict.… 
This document advocates in no subtle terms for the United States to undertake a proxy war with Russia in Ukraine, and to supply the country with weapons equivalent to half of its current defense budget.… 
The recommendations for providing Ukraine with specific military capabilities are also unlikely to prove effective. Experts familiar with the reasons for Ukraine’s military defeat understand that it is not due to technical deficits, although those exist across the board in its armed forces, but because its army as a whole is not a capable force. It lacks logistics, training, commanders with experience at maneuvering brigade- or battalion-sized elements, any coordination between volunteer battalions and regular forces, along with independent military analysis of the problems. There is no intelligence, no mobile reserves, no unified command and a political leadership that often seems disconnected from the facts on the ground. Dumping weapons into this operating environment is unlikely to prove a solution to the problems, all of which are fundamental and structural. The only thing clear in this conflict is that Ukraine stands no chance of defeating Russian forces, or the separatists, and that military escalation is a disproportionately losing proposition for Kyiv.… 
The report makes little mention of the fact that light counter-battery radars had already been sent by the United States last fall, that Russia had matched these with its own, completely nullifying any advantage they might offer… The administration was right in arguing that any weapon we provide will be matched by Russia, escalating the conflict with no advantage gained for Ukraine.… 
Finally, UAVs, some of which have already been provided by Germany, will not prove effective, either. The authors of the report recommend the provision of medium-altitude UAVs, after stating that Russian armed forces are operating advanced air defenses throughout eastern Ukraine. In truth, there is video evidence of Russian air defenses including the TorM2, the Pantsir-S1 and the now-infamous BUK that shot down MH17. Medium-altitude drones cannot fly in this kind of air-defense environment. Stating that Russia has air superiority contradicts the recommendation to send such drones, which require the operator to have air superiority. 
Again, the point of these criticisms is not that doing nothing to help Ukraine is better than doing something, although the specific recommendations are unlikely to achieve their intended effects. It is that the thrust of these policies is to drag the United States into a proxy conflict with Russia, in an attempt to raise costs for Vladimir Putin, which will be fought out by Ukrainian soldiers and paid for most likely with Ukrainian lives. In reality, nothing short of a difficult political compromise is possible to end this conflict. Kyiv will indeed have to make sacrifices as a result of Russian aggression, it has lost territory, and Moscow is clearly willing to stake everything in this conflict. More than likely the key battles in this war have already been fought, or are being fought right now, and they have proved to be defeats for Ukraine. Javelin anti-tank launchers will not prove to be a silver bullet, but rather an additional escalation, especially when Russia’s military calculates it could destroy Ukraine’s armed forces in a matter of days at will.… 
Russian leaders will not withdraw their forces, or restore control of the border, until they first see that Kyiv is willing to give political status and recognition to the separatists.
Ukrainian leaders naturally have no desire to grant true political recognition or autonomy to the separatists, and Russia has no interest in abandoning them to be completely crushed by political, economic and military pressure from Ukraine. Hence, Moscow and Kyiv did not fulfill their respective obligations under this agreement, or withdraw troops according to the secret protocol signed on September 19. That protocol stipulated a line of control that neither side honored. The separatists desire more territory to make their enclaves viable, while Ukraine’s leaders didn’t want to deal with the domestic political calamity that would result from admitting defeat or giving up territory for peace.… In Kyiv, the leadership is divided, mindful of public sentiment and afraid that if they cut a deal with Moscow, a third Maidan could ensue.…

The reason for the resumption of the current war is that Russia’s leadership has wagered a colossal amount of political capital on its invasion of Ukraine. It is perhaps a matter of life and death for the current political system, and a core interest of Russia that it is unlikely to give up on, no matter the amount of Western political pressure or weapons sent. This is especially so given the casualties will be almost entirely Ukrainian on both sides.…
 
After Minsk, the West keenly levied economic and diplomatic pressure for Russia to implement provisions of the ceasefire agreement, while Kyiv had to do essentially nothing except hold the existing line of control. This presented Moscow with either policy capitulation, or continued suffering under the sanctions regime. Either way, the West had time to wait, and Russia did not. For the West, politically it was brilliant, diplomatically it was brilliant, but militarily it was dangerous. Russia has undertaken its only viable option, to launch another offensive, defeat Ukraine and erase the Minsk agreement by forcing Kyiv to sign a new one.…
The National Interest
How to Start a Proxy War with Russia
Michael Korman | Public Policy Scholar at the Kennan Institute, Wilson Center in Washington, D.C.

Friday, June 14, 2013

Cold War On — M K Bhadrakumar: Obama's Monica moment

The United States may have administered one of the biggest-ever snubs to the Kremlin in the post-Cold War era with the White House announcement on Thursday that it will provide military support to the Syrian rebels....

The US President Barack Obama is scheduled to meet Russian President Vladimir Putin on the sidelines of the Group of Eight summit scheduled to begin in Northern Ireland this coming Monday. This was to have been the first meeting for the two presidents after their respective re-election to the high office.
As a token courtesy to Putin at a personal and public level, Obama should have deferred the announcement until after meeting Putin. Syria was expected to figure on top of their agenda and Obama and Putin have been closely in touch over Syria....
A senior state department official, Frank Rose, deputy assistant secretary in the Bureau of Arms Control, gave the bottom line on Wednesday that Obama has nothing to offer Putin on missile defense....
All in all, Obama's momentous decision on military intervention in Syria, which could well launch a new Cold War, is a desperate diversionary move when his administration is caught up deep in the cesspool over the Snowden controversy. 
The entire moral edifice on which Obama built up his presidency and the values he espoused at the core of his "audacity of hope" when he began his long march to the White House five years ago - transparency, accountability, legitimacy, multilateralism, consensus - lie exposed today as a pack of lies. 
Syria is now "officially" a proxy war, and the Cold War is back on. Three cheers for military Keynesianism. Now the ruling elite can breath easily again.

Asia Times Online
Obama's Monica moment
M K Bhadrakumar

If you are not paying attention to geopolitics and geo-strategy, you should be. It is taking some interesting turns of late that are portend potentially enormous social, political and economic consequences. The direction toward war is increasing as the global economic situation deteriorates and beggar-thy neighbor replaces international coordination.