Showing posts with label economics and religion. Show all posts
Showing posts with label economics and religion. Show all posts

Monday, April 30, 2018

Pew Research Center — When Americans Say They Believe in God, What Do They Mean?


Nine-in-ten Americans believe in a higher power, but only a slim majority believe in God as described in the Bible.


How does this affect economics?

Assuming homo economicus, not much. Assuming homo socialis, a lot.

Pew Research Center

Monday, July 10, 2017

Peter Feuerherd — John Calvin: The Religious Reformer Who Influenced Capitalism


Short backgrounder.

Why is this significant? At the time that capitalism was rising in Europe, religion was the dominant cultural and institutional influence. Capitalism needed religion's blessing and Calvin played an important role in this.

In The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Max Weber argued for Calvin's key role, but some contemporary scholars view this perspective as somewhat exaggerating Calvin's role. 

The fundamental difference at the time of Weber was over Marx' view of capitalism as based on a shift of the primary mode of production that determines economic infrastructure and Weber's sociological view that emphasized the role of culture and institutions, especially the role of religion as a cultural and institutional phenomenon.

JSTOR Daily
John Calvin: The Religious Reformer Who Influenced Capitalism
Peter Feuerherd | professor of journalism at St. John's University in New York

Wednesday, November 2, 2016

Thursday, May 26, 2016

Katehon — Russian Orthodox Church against liberal globalization, usury, dollar hegemony, and neocolonialism

The Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate has published a draft of the document "Economy in the context of globalization. Orthodox ethical view. " This document demonstrates the key positions of the Russian Church on a number of issues relating to the economy and international relations.… 
Not to be outdone by the pope.

Speaking of the pope:
Katehon (not the document): The unconditional support of state sovereignty against the transnational elite is a distinctive feature of the position of the Orthodox Church. This differs the Orthodox from Catholics, who are members of the globalist transnational centralized structure, in contrast to the Orthodox Churches, which are united in faith, but not administratively.…
This document is very important because it shows that the Russian Orthodox Church not only occupies a critical position in relation to the liberal globalization, but also offers a Christian alternative to globalization processes. While Catholics and most Protestant denominations have passionate humanist ideas, and in the best case, criticize globalization from the left or left-liberal positions, the Russian Orthodox Church advocate sovereignty and national identity. The most important aspect of the Orthodox critique of globalization is the idea of multipolarity and the destructiveness of modern Western civilization’s path.
Where the two Churches agree is on distributism.

Sunday, November 1, 2015

Sandwichman — Does Christianity admit of private property?


Sunday sermon.
The following catechism on selfishness appeared in an article titled "Serious Questions of the Hour" in the November 1874 Shaker and Shakeress Monthly. A large portion of it was quoted in Richard T. Ely's The Labor Movement in America (1886). I have reformatted the text, breaking questions and answers into separate paragraphs.…
Econospeak
Does Christianity admit of private property?
Sandwichman

Monday, May 4, 2015

David F. Ruccio — Capitalism and religion


I would also call attention to Max Weber's The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism and R. H. Tawney's Religion and the Rise of Capitalism. These studies show the development of the bourgeois mindset and the rise of the acquisitive class that underlie capitalism arising out of the transition from the Catholicism of the Middle Ages to the Protestantism of the Reformation that emphasized freedom and individualism. Calvinism and Puritanism contributed the "Protestant work ethic" as a moral basis.

The Middle Ages were theocratic and feudal. Did liberalism replace theocracy along with capitalism displacing feudalism as dominant. Is liberalism the new religion, and where economic liberalism dominates are economists, managers and acquisitors the new priesthood.

The question is not only the rise of capitalism but the reasons for a break with the ancient and medieval culture that precluded it. One obvious reason is the rise of science and the development of technology that gave birth to industry and therefore private ownership of the means of production. However, a cultural shift also took place in the direction of liberalism — social, political, and economic.

But that is not sufficient. There was also a cultural and institutional shift taking place that favored the development of liberalism and capitalism as economic liberalism and democracy as political liberalism. Markets catered to social liberalism as free agents exercised choice.

Capitalism presumes the precedence of economic liberalism (the sanctity of private property and contracts) over social and political liberalism. Social and political liberalism are required to provide agents' free choice that underlies market exchange.

If this is the case, then the assumption that liberalism is somehow natural is mistaken. It is a cultural phenomenon that Continental European and British, including American colonial. This brings up the question of the degree to which these cultural developments are exportable to vastly different cultures. Is liberalism a natural basis for globalization as liberals assume, and is it even sufficient?

Occasional Links & Commentary
Capitalism and religionDavid F. Ruccio | Professor of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame

Thursday, August 21, 2014

Matt Bruenig — John Locke Says Everything Belongs to Everyone

As I’ve pointed out before, people misread Locke as if he is some kind of hardcore absolute propertarian, but he simply isn’t.
In the very first sentence of his treatment of property, Locke cites to Psalm 115:16 and remarks that “it is very clear, that God … has given the earth to the children of men; given it to mankind in common.” Locke reaffirms that the earth belongs to everyone in common over and over again in the ensuing paragraphs: “God, who hath given the world to men in common”, “the fruits it naturally produces, and beasts it feeds, belong to mankind in common”, “the earth, and all inferior creatures, be common to all men,” etc.
That Locke says everything belongs to everyone is not surprising, as it would have been a massive break with Christian tradition to say otherwise.
From the starting point that the entire world is owned in common, Locke then argues for creating and respecting property institutions as being instrumentally valuable for administrating the use of the collectively-owned earth. He notes that, although the world belongs to everyone, it is intended that people “make use of it to the best advantage of life, and convenience” and “for the support and comfort” of human beings. Accordingly, “there must of necessity be a means to appropriate” the earth to mobilize its resources towards these ends.
So, on the abstract normative framework level, Locke’s view is that the world belongs to human beings in common, that we need some mechanism to allow for the utilization of its resources, and that a propertarian system “might” serve that instrumental end. If this seems familiar to you, it’s because that’s the Thomist view, which, again, was fairly prevalent at the time.
Demos Policy Shop
John Locke Says Everything Belongs to Everyone
Matt Bruenig
Locke’s other writings on resource rights make this all very clear. In addition to the famous Lockean Proviso (which requires that property cannot be appropriated unless there is enough left in common for others), Locke straightforwardly claims that the poor have a right to the “property” of the rich:
God, the lord and father of all has given no one of his children such a property in his peculiar portion of the things of this world, but that he has given his needy brother a right to the surplusage of his goods, so that it cannot justly be denied him when his pressing wants call for it, and therefore, no man could ever have a just power over the life of another by right of property in land or possessions, since it would always be a sin in any man of estate to let his brother perish for want of affording him relief out of his plenty.
If ever there was a clearer call for the right of redistribution, I haven't seen it. And, of course, this too was the prevailing Christian thought on this matter at the time. Locke's musings on property have acquired a radical character more so from anachronistic misreads and half-reads than what Locke actually wrote.
Seem that John Locke was more of a socialist than Pope Francis. Who knew?

Thursday, June 12, 2014

Matt O'Brien — Dave Brat’s unorthodox economics: Adam Smith ‘was from a red state’

So what are Brat's economic beliefs? Well, he's focused on, to his mind, two related questions: why rich countries are so rich, and what ethics has to do with economics. Let's look at them both....
In short, Brat thinks that culture matters—and so does ethics. Now, that's not a word you hear economists use very much nowadays, but Brat points out that they used to....

...according to Brat, that unlike economists today, Smith "knew that the world of thought must be unified"—that "positive analysis and normative analysis must meet in the end." In other words, Brat thinks economists have to get back to telling us how to live, and not just how to live efficiently. Or at least be explicit about it, so we can judge whether we like the ethics behind their economics.
I agree with this in principle, although I disagree with Brat on the details. Suppressing the normative and prescriptive content of assumptions in order to appear more positive and science-like is disingenuous or ignorant.

As Keynes wrote in a letter to Harrod (787, 4 July 1938), "economics is essentially a moral science and not a natural science. That is to say, it employs introspection and judgments of value."

The Washington Post — Wonkblog
Dave Brat’s unorthodox economics: Adam Smith ‘was from a red state’
Matt O'Brien

Saturday, March 1, 2014

Chris Bowers — More Republican demographic death spiral: 'No religion' a plurality among Americans 18-30


In addition to the political inplications the author draws from the demographics, I believe it also reflects a tendency of younger people toward individualism and away from organization. Remember The Organization Man?
The Organization Man is bestselling book by William H. Whyte, originally published by Simon & Schuster in 1956.[1]It is considered one of the most influential books on management ever written.[2]

While employed by Fortune Magazine, Whyte did extensive interviews with the CEOs of major American corporations such as General Electric and Ford.[3] A central tenet of the book is that average Americans subscribed to a collectivistethic rather than to the prevailing notion of rugged individualism. A key point made was that people became convinced that organizations and groups could make better decisions than individuals, and thus serving an organization became logically preferable to advancing one's individual creativity. The author felt this was counterfactual and listed a number of examples of how individual work and creativity can produce better outcomes than collectivist processes. He observed that this system led to risk-averse executives who faced no consequences and could expect jobs for life as long as they made no egregious missteps.
The idea of the organization man is now out of favor in management, which is now emphasizing integrating individual creativity into team work. The American workplace has changed drastically from the Fifties.

I think this is reflected in politics in the resurgence of individualism, for example, in the renewed interest in the works of Ayn Rand on one hand and the works of Austrian economists on the other.

This is really the battle for the future of the GOP, and the future seems to belong to the Libertarians. This is also inevitably shape the future of the Democratic Party, if only in reaction.

Daily Kos
More Republican demographic death spiral: 'No religion' a plurality among Americans 18-30
Chris Bowers

Saturday, January 4, 2014

Travis Gettys — Thomas Cahill: Conservatives are afraid of pope’s ‘pure Christianity,’ not ‘pure Marxism’ (via Raw Story )

Thomas Cahill: Conservatives are afraid of pope’s ‘pure Christianity,’ not ‘pure Marxism’ (via Raw Story )
Conservatives are less concerned with the new pope’s politics than they are with his religious teachings, said scholar and author Thomas Cahill. Republicans, including right-wing radio host Rush Limbaugh, have criticized comments made by Pope Francis…

Friday, November 29, 2013

Travis Gettys — Muslim scholar Reza Aslan: Rush Limbaugh and Sarah Palin would call Jesus a ‘Marxist’ (via Raw Story )

Muslim scholar Reza Aslan: Rush Limbaugh and Sarah Palin would call Jesus a ‘Marxist’ (via Raw Story )
Religious scholar Reza Aslan said American conservatives are basing their criticism of recent comments made by Pope Francis on a “profoundly unhistorical view of Jesus.” The pontiff has ruffled the feathers of U.S. conservatives with comments suggesting…

Monday, October 21, 2013

Eric Dolan — Pope Francis describes ‘ideological Christians’ as a ‘serious illness’ within the Church (via Raw Story )

Pope Francis describes ‘ideological Christians’ as a ‘serious illness’ within the Church (via Raw Story )
Speaking at daily Mass last Thursday, Pope Francis warned Christians against turning their faith into a rigid ideology. “The faith passes, so to speak, through a distiller and becomes ideology,” he said, according to Radio Vatican. “And ideology…

Friday, October 18, 2013

Drew Vogel — Atheism and MMT

Ok, what the hell do these two hobby horses of mine have to do with one another? What bearing does the non-existence of God have on economics generally and monetary theory in particular? When you put it like that, basically none. And yet, I think the are reasons to expect that the online atheist community could be more receptive than others to MMT's central message, and might even be well-positioned to help spread the message around. The case for MMT can easily be tailored to appeal to atheists (especially progressive atheists already dismayed and embarrassed by the prevalence of lazy libertarian cant within the community). Atheists can be co-opted into the MMT cause by pointing out how MMT can be an enormous help in achieving important goals of the atheist community, especially in terms of expanding public funding for scientific research projects....
The Daily Drew
Atheism and MMT
Drew Vogel
(h/t Andy Blatchford on FB)

Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Travis Gettys — Right-wing Christian: Liberals are the real theocrats because they want to help the poor (via Raw Story )

Right-wing Christian: Liberals are the real theocrats because they want to help the poor (via Raw Story )
A prominent right-wing Christian says it’s liberals who want to establish a religion-based government, not conservatives. Tony Perkins, head of the Family Research Council, told conservative radio host Janet Mefferd during her program Tuesday that…

Saturday, September 21, 2013

George Chidi —Republican congressman tells constituent asking about food stamp cuts: ‘Let him not eat’ [2 Thessalonians 3:10]

A Facebook question from a Bismark, North Dakota resident to his congressman started off rockily yesterday, when the congressman dismissed a religious argument opposed to cuts in the federal food stamp program with a religious quote.
“2 Thessalonians 3:10 English Standard Version (ESV) 10 For even when we were with you, we would give you this command: If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat,” Congressman Kevin Cramer (R-N.D.) posted in reply Friday afternoon to an inquiry from Kevin Tengesdal, a Bismark-based actor and activist....
The quote Cramer used in reply to Tengesdal is an admonition against Christians failing to plant seed and harvest food because anticipation of the imminent return of Christ might seemingly make that toil unnecessary. [Not to mention that a majority of New Testament scholars do not accept 2 Thessalonians as authentically Pauline.]
Ironically, Cramer’s North Dakota district received $10.4 billion in agricultural subsidies from the U.S. Department of Agriculture from 2005 to 2012 — the single largest recipient of farm subsidies in the nation.
The Raw Story
Republican congressman tells constituent asking about food stamp cuts: ‘Let him not eat’
George Chidi

Friday, September 13, 2013

David Edwards — Catholic website says colleges aren’t for women: ‘Learn to be a wife and mother’ (via Raw Story )

Catholic website says colleges aren’t for women: ‘Learn to be a wife and mother’ (via Raw Story )
A Catholic website this week encouraged its readers not to allow their daughters to go to college because any young woman would be near sin and would “not learn to be a wife and mother.” In a Sunday article on the Fix the Family website, Raylan…

Tuesday, August 20, 2013

Eric W. Dolan — IRS faces lawsuit for failing to enforce church electioneering ban

IRS faces lawsuit for failing to enforce church electioneering ban (via Raw Story )
The Internal Revenue Service was unable to suppress a lawsuit over its failure to audit thousand of churches that allegedly violated federal tax law by engaging in partisan advocacy. U.S. District Judge Lynn Adelman of the Western District of Wisconsin…

Friday, August 2, 2013

Brookings — Do Americans Believe Capitalism & Government Are Working?

Findings from the 2013 Economic Values Survey by the Public Religion Research Institute and Governance Studies at Brookings
Brookings
Do Americans Believe Capitalism & Government Are Working?
Robert P. Jones, Daniel Cox, Juhem Navarro-Rivera, E.J. Dionne, Jr. and William A. Galston
(h/t Bruce Patrick on FB)

Sunday, July 28, 2013

Philip Pullella and Anthony Boadle — Millions at Brazil Mass hear pope ask youth to change world

"Through your joyful witness and service, help to build a civilization of love. Show, by your life, that it is worth giving your time and talents to attain high ideals," Francis said at the Rio airport before he departed for Rome....
"Bringing the Gospel is bringing God's power to pluck up and break down evil and violence, to destroy and overthrow the barriers of selfishness, intolerance and hatred, so as to build a new world," he said.Many young people in Brazil saw this as his support for peaceful demonstrations to bring about social and political reform....
Francis dedicated much attention in his speeches to the problems, the prospects and the power of youth....
The pope addressed Latin American bishops before leaving Brazil, telling them the Church had to shed all elitism and get closer to the people.... 
Many young people in Brazil saw this as his support for peaceful demonstrations to bring about social and political reform... 
On Friday night he called on them to change a world where food is discarded while millions go hungry, where racism and violence still affront human dignity, and where politics is more associated with corruption than service 
The day before, during a visit to a Rio slum, he urged them not to allow their hopes of change to be extinguished. Many young people in Brazil saw this as his support for peaceful demonstrations to bring about social and political reform.
Reuters
Millions at Brazil Mass hear pope ask youth to change world
Philip Pullella and Anthony Boadle, Rio De Janeiro


Wednesday, July 24, 2013

Eric Dolan — Archbishop: Right wing of the church not happy about Pope Francis

Archbishop: Right wing of the church not happy about Pope Francis (via Raw Story )
Conservatives in the Vatican are less than pleased with the election of Pope Francis, according to Archbishop Charles Chaput of Philadelphia. In an interview with the National Catholic Reporter published Tuesday, Chaput said right wing officials in…